流式事件处理器

Streaming Event Processors

最后更新于2年前

流式事件处理器

Streaming Event Processors

The StreamingEventProcessor, or Streaming Processor for short, is a type of . As any Event Processor, it serves as the technical aspect to handle events by invoking the event handlers written in an Axon application.

The Streaming Processor defines itself by receiving the events from a StreamableMessageSource. The StreamableMessageSource is an infrastructure component through which we can open a stream of events. The source can also specify positions on the event stream, so-called , used as start positions when opening an event stream. An example of a StreamableMessageSource is the , like for example or an .

Furthermore, Streaming Processors use separate threads to process the events retrieved from the StreamableMessageSource. Using separate threads decouples the StreamingEventProcessor from other operations (e.g., event publication or command handling), allowing for cleaner separation within any application. Using separate threads allows for of the event load, either within a single JVM or between several.

When starting a Streaming Processor, it will open an event stream through the configured StreamableMessageSource. The first time a stream has started, it, by default, will begin at the tail (the oldest/the very first token) of the stream. It keeps track of the event processing progress while traversing the stream. It does so by storing the Tracking Tokens, or tokens for short, accompanying the events. This solution works towards tracking the progress since the tokens specify the event's position on the stream.

Head or Tail?
The oldest (very first) token is located at the tail of the stream, and the latest (newest) token is positioned at the head of the stream.

Maintaining the progress through tokens makes a Streaming Processor

able to deal with stopping and starting the processor,
more resilient against unintended shutdowns, and
the token provides a means to events by adjusting the position of tokens.

All combined, the Streaming Processor allows for decoupling, parallelization, resiliency, and replay-ability. It is these features that make the Streaming Processor the logical choice for the majority of applications. Due to this, the "Tracking Event Processor," a type of Streaming Processor, is the default Event Processor.

Default Event Processor
Which EventProcessor type becomes the default processor depends on the event message source available in your application. In the majority of use cases, an Event Store is present. As the Event Store is a type of StreamableMessageSource, the default will switch to the Tracking Event Processor.
If the application only has an Event Bus configured, the framework will lack a StreamableMessageSource. It will fall back to the as the default in these scenarios. This implementation will use the configured EventBus as its SubscribableMessageSource.

There are two implementations of Streaming Processor available in Axon Framework:

the Tracking Event Processor (TEP for short), and
the Pooled Streaming Event Processor (PSEP for short).

Configuring

Configuring a Tracking Processor

Firstly, to specify that new event processors should default to a TrackingEventProcessor, you can invoke the usingTrackingEventProcessors method:

public class AxonConfig { 
    // ...
    public void configureProcessorDefault(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) { 
        processingConfigurer.usingTrackingEventProcessors();  
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureProcessorDefault(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        processingConfigurer.usingTrackingEventProcessors();
    }
}

For a specific Event Processor to be a Tracking instance, registerTrackingEventProcessor is used:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureTrackingProcessors(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        // This configuration object allows for fine-grained control over the Tracking Processor
        TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig =
              TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forSingleThreadedProcessing();
        
        // To configure a processor to be tracking ...
        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessor("my-processor")
                            // ... to define a specific StreamableMessageSource ... 
                            .registerTrackingEventProcessor(
                                    "my-processor", conf -> /* create/return StreamableMessageSource */
                            )
                            // ... to provide additional configuration ...
                            .registerTrackingEventProcessor(
                                    "my-processor", conf -> /* create/return StreamableMessageSource */,
                                    conf -> tepConfig
                            );
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureTrackingProcessors(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        // This configuration object allows for fine-grained control over the Tracking Processor
        TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig =
              TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forSingleThreadedProcessing();
        
        // To configure a processor to be tracking ...
        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessor("my-processor")
                            // ... to define a specific StreamableMessageSource ... 
                            .registerTrackingEventProcessor(
                                    "my-processor", conf -> /* create/return StreamableMessageSource */
                            )
                            // ... to provide additional configuration ...
                            .registerTrackingEventProcessor(
                                    "my-processor", conf -> /* create/return StreamableMessageSource */, 
                                    conf -> tepConfig
                            );
    }
}

A properties file allows the configuration of some fields on an Event Processor. Do note that the Java configuration provides more degrees of freedom.

axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.mode=tracking
axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.source=eventStore

If the name of an event processor contains periods ., use the map notation:

axon.eventhandling.processors[my.processor].mode=tracking
axon.eventhandling.processors[my.processor].source=eventStore

For more fine-grained control when configuring a Tracking Processor, the TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration can be used. When invoking the registerTrackingEventProcessor method, you can provide a tracking processor configuration object, or you can register the configuration instance explicitly:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void registerTrackingProcessorConfig(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig =
                TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forSingleThreadedProcessing();
            
        // To register a default tracking config ...
        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration(config -> tepConfig)
                            // ... to register a config for a specific processor.
                            .registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void registerTrackingProcessorConfig(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig =
                  TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forSingleThreadedProcessing();
    
        // To register a default tracking config ...
        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration(config -> tepConfig)
                            // ... to register a config for a specific processor.
                            .registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

Configuring a Pooled Streaming Processor

Firstly, to specify that every new processors should default to a PooledStreamingEventProcessor, you can invoke the usingPooledStreamingProcessors method:

public class AxonConfig { 
    // ...
    public void configureProcessorDefault(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) { 
        processingConfigurer.usingPooledStreamingProcessors();  
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureProcessorDefault(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        processingConfigurer.usingPooledStreamingProcessors();
    }
}

For a specific Event Processor to be a Pooled Streaming instance, registerPooledStreamingProcessor is used:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configurePooledStreamingProcessors(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
          // This configuration object allows for fine-grained control over the Pooled Streaming Processor
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig = 
                (config, builder) -> builder/* ... */;
          
        // To configure a processor to be pooled streaming ...
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessor("my-processor")
                            // ... to define a specific StreamableMessageSource ... 
                            .registerPooledStreamingEventProcessor(
                                    "my-processor", conf -> /* create/return StreamableMessageSource */
                            )
                            // ... to provide additional configuration ...
                            .registerPooledStreamingEventProcessor(
                                    "my-processor", conf -> /* create/return StreamableMessageSource */, psepConfig
                            );
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configurePooledStreamingProcessors(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        // This configuration object allows for fine-grained control over the Pooled Streaming Processor
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig =
                (config, builder) -> builder/* ... */;
    
        // To configure a processor to be pooled streaming ...
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessor("my-processor")
                            // ... to define a specific StreamableMessageSource ... 
                            .registerPooledStreamingEventProcessor(
                                    "my-processor", conf -> /* create/return StreamableMessageSource */
                            )
                            // ... to provide additional configuration ...
                            .registerPooledStreamingEventProcessor(
                                    "my-processor", conf -> /* create/return StreamableMessageSource */, psepConfig
                            );
    }
}

A properties file allows the configuration of some fields on an Event Processor. Do note that the Java configuration provides more degrees of freedom.

axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.mode=pooled
axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.source=eventStore

If the name of an event processor contains periods ., use the map notation:

axon.eventhandling.processors[my.processor].mode=pooled
axon.eventhandling.processors[my.processor].source=eventStore

For more fine-grained control when configuring a Pooled Streaming Processor, the PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration can be used. When invoking the registerPooledStreamingEventProcessor method, you can provide a pooled streaming processor configuration object, or you can register the configuration instance explicitly:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void registerPooledStreamingProcessorConfig(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig = 
                (config, builder) -> builder/* ... */;
          
        // To register a default pooled streaming config ...
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration(psepConfig)
                            // ... to register a config for a specific processor.
                            .registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void registerPooledStreamingProcessorConfig(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig =
                (config, builder) -> builder/* ... */;
    
        // To register a default pooled streaming config ...
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration(psepConfig)
                            // ... to register a config for a specific processor.
                            .registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

Error Mode

The error mode differs between the Tracking- and Pooled Streaming Event Processor.

Tracking Tokens

A vital attribute of the Streaming Event Processor is its capability to keep and maintain the processing progress. It does so through the TrackingToken, the "token" for short. Such a token accompanies each message a streaming processor receives through its event stream. It's this token that:

specifies the position of the event on the overall stream, and
is used by the Streaming Processor to open the event stream at the desired position on start-up.

Using tokens gives the Streaming Event Processor several benefits, like:

Being able to reopen the stream at any later point, picking up where it left off with the last event.
Dealing with unintended shutdowns without losing track of the last events they've handled.

For a Streaming Processor to process any events, it needs "a claim" on a TrackingToken. The processor will update this claim every time it has finished handling a batch of events. This so-called "claim extension" is, just as updating and saving of tokens, delegated to the Token Store. Hence, the Streaming Processors achieves collaboration among instances/threads through token claims.

In the absence of a claim, a processor will actively try to retrieve one. If a token claim is not extended for a configurable time window, other processor threads are able to "steal" the claim. Token stealing can, for example, happen if event processing is slow or encountered some exceptions.

Initial Tracking Token

The Streaming Processor uses a StreamableMessageSource to retrieve a stream of events that will open on start-up. It requires a TrackingToken to open this stream, which it will fetch from the TokenStore. However, if a Streaming Processor starts for the first time, there is no TrackingToken present to open the stream with yet.

A Saga's Streaming Processor initial position

Conceptually there are a couple of scenarios when a processor builds an initial token on application startup. The obvious one is already shared, namely when a processor starts for the first time. There are, however, also other situations when a token is built that might be unexpected, like:

The TokenStore has (accidentally) been cleared between application runs, thus losing the stored tokens.
The application running the processor starts in a new environment (e.g., test or acceptance) for the first time.
An InMemoryTokenStore was used, and hence the processor could never persist the token to begin with.
The application is (accidentally) pointing to another storage solution than expected.

Whenever a Streaming Processor's event handlers show unexpected behavior in the form of missed or reprocessed events, a new initial token might have been triggered. In those cases, we recommend to validate if any of the above situations occurred.

Token Configuration

There are a couple of things we can configure when it comes to tokens. We can separate these options in "initial token" and "token claim" configuration, as described in the following sections:

Initial Token

createHeadToken() - Creates a token from the head of the event stream.
createTailToken() - Creates a token from the tail of the event stream. Creating tail tokens is the default value for most Streaming Processors.
createTokenAt(Instant) / createTokenSince(Duration) - Creates a token that tracks all events after a given time. If there is an event precisely at that given moment in time, it will also be taken into account.

Of course, you can completely disregard the StreamableMessageSource input parameter and create a token by yourself. Consider the following snippets if you want to configure a different initial token:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureInitialTrackingToken(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig = 
                TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forSingleThreadedProcessing()
                                                   .andInitialTrackingToken(StreamableMessageSource::createHeadToken);
        
        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureInitialTrackingToken(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
          TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig = 
                  TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forSingleThreadedProcessing()
                                                     .andInitialTrackingToken(StreamableMessageSource::createTailToken);
          
          processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureInitialTrackingToken(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig = 
                (config, builder) -> builder.initialToken(messageSource -> messageSource.createTokenSince(
                        messageSource -> messageSource.createTokenAt(Instant.parse("20020-12-01T10:15:30.00Z"))
                ));
        
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureInitialTrackingToken(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig = 
                (config, builder) -> builder.initialToken(
                        messageSource -> messageSource.createTokenSince(Duration.ofDays(31))
                );
        
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

Token Claims

In those scenarios, another processor can steal a token claim to proceed with processing. There are a couple of configurable values that influence this process:

tokenClaimInterval - Defines how long to wait between attempts to claim a segment. A processor uses this value to steal token claims from other processor threads. This value defaults to 5000 milliseconds.
eventAvailabilityTimeout - Defines the time to "wait for events" before extending the claim. Only the Tracking Event Processor uses this. The value defaults to 1000 milliseconds.
claimExtensionThreshold - Threshold to extend the claim in the absence of events. Only the Pooled Streaming Event Processor uses this. The value defaults 5000 milliseconds.

Consider the following snippets if you want to configure any of these values:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureTokenClaimValues(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig = 
                TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forSingleThreadedProcessing()
                                                   .andTokenClaimInterval(1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
                                                   .andEventAvailabilityTimeout(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        
        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureTokenClaimValues(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
          TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig = 
                  TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forSingleThreadedProcessing()
                                                     .andTokenClaimInterval(1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
                                                     .andEventAvailabilityTimeout(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
          
          processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureTokenClaimValues(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig = 
                (config, builder) -> builder.tokenClaimInterval(2000)
                                            .claimExtensionThreshold(3000);
        
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureTokenClaimValues(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig = 
                (config, builder) -> builder.tokenClaimInterval(2000)
                                            .claimExtensionThreshold(3000);
        
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

Token Store

The TokenStore provides the CRUD operations for the StreamingEventProcessor to interact with TrackingTokens. The streaming processor will use the store to construct, fetch and claim tokens.

The framework provides a couple of TokenStore implementations:

InMemoryTokenStore - A TokenStore implementation that keeps the tokens in memory. This implementation does not suffice as a production-ready store in most applications.
JpaTokenStore - A TokenStore implementation using JPA to store the tokens with. Expects that a table is constructed based on the org.axonframework.eventhandling.tokenstore.jpa.TokenEntry. It is easily auto-configurable with, for example, Spring Boot.
JdbcTokenStore - A TokenStore implementation using JDBC to store the tokens with. Expects that the schema is constructed through the JdbcTokenStore#createSchema(TokenTableFactory) method. Several TokenTableFactory can be chosen here, like the GenericTokenTableFactory, PostgresTokenTableFactory or Oracle11TokenTableFactory implementation.
MongoTokenStore- A TokenStore implementation using Mongo to store the tokens with.

Where to store Tokens?
Where possible, we recommend using a token store that stores tokens in the same database as to where the event handlers update the view models. This way, changes to the view model can be stored atomically with the changed tokens. Furthermore, it guarantees exactly-once processing semantics.

Note that you can configure the token store to use for a streaming processor in the EventProcessingConfigurer:

To configure a TokenStore for all processors:

public class AxonConfig { 
    // ...
    public void registerTokenStore(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        TokenStore tokenStore = JpaTokenStore.builder()
                                             // …
                                             .build();
    
        processingConfigurer.registerTokenStore(config -> tokenStore);
    }
}

Alternatively, to configure a TokenStore for a specific processor, use:

public class AxonConfig { 
    // ...
    public void registerTokenStore(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer, String processorName) {
        TokenStore tokenStore = JdbcTokenStore.builder()
                                              // …
                                              .build();
    
        processingConfigurer.registerTokenStore(processorName, config -> tokenStore);
    }
}

The default TokenStore implementation is defined based on dependencies available in Spring Boot, in the following order:

If any TokenStore bean is defined, that bean is used.
Otherwise, if an EntityManager is available, the JpaTokenStore is defined.
Otherwise, if a DataSource is defined, the JdbcTokenStore is created.
Lastly, the InMemoryToken store is used.

To override the TokenStore, either define a bean in a Spring @Configuration class:

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Bean
    public TokenStore myTokenStore() {
        return JpaTokenStore.builder()
                            // …
                            .build();
    }
}

Alternatively, inject the EventProcessingConfigurer, which allows more fine-grained customization:

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void registerTokenStore(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
          TokenStore tokenStore = JdbcTokenStore.builder()
                                                // …
                                                .build();
          
          processingConfigurer.registerTokenStore(conf -> tokenStore)
                              // or, to define one for a specific processor:
                              .registerTokenStore("my-processor", conf -> tokenStore);
    }
}

Parallel Processing

Thus, to be able to parallelize the load, we require several tokens per processor. To that end, each token instance represents a segment of the event stream, wherein each segment is identified through a number. The stream segmentation approach ensures events aren't handled twice (or more), as that would otherwise introduce unintentional duplication. Due to this, the Streaming Processor's API references segment claims instead of token claims throughout.

The default number of segments for a TrackingEventProcessor is one.

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureSegmentCount(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig = 
                TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forParallelProcessing(2)
                                                   .andInitialSegmentsCount(2);
        
        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

The default number of segments for a TrackingEventProcessor is one.

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureSegmentCount(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
          TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig = 
                  TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forParallelProcessing(2)
                                                     .andInitialSegmentsCount(2);
          
          processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

The default number of segments for a PooledStreamingEventProcessor is sixteen.

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureSegmentCount(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig =
                (config, builder) -> builder.initialSegmentCount(32);
        
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

The default number of segments for a PooledStreamingEventProcessor is sixteen.

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureSegmentCount(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig = 
                (config, builder) -> builder.initialSegmentCount(32);
        
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

The default number of segments for a TrackingEventProcessor and PooledStreamingEventProcessor is one and sixteen, respectively.

axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.mode=pooled
# Sets the initial number of segments
axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.initialSegmentCount=32

Parallel Processing and Subscribing Event Processors

The Event Handling Components a processor is in charge of may have specific expectations on the event order. The ordering is guaranteed when only a single thread is processing events. Maintaining the ordering requires additional work when the stream is segmented for parallel processing, however. When this is the case, the processor must ensure it sends the events to these handlers in that specific order.

Sequential Processing

Even though events are processed asynchronously from their publisher, it is often desirable to process certain events in their publishing order. In Axon, the SequencingPolicy controls this order. The SequencingPolicy defines whether events must be handled sequentially, in parallel, or a combination of both. Policies return a sequence identifier of a given event.

If the policy returns the same identifier for two events, they must be handled sequentially by the Event Handling Component. Thus, if the SequencingPolicy returns a different value for two events, they may be processed concurrently. Note that if the policy returns a null sequence identifier, the event may be processed in parallel with any other events.

** Parallel Processing and Sagas**

The framework provides several policies you can use out of the box:

SequentialPerAggregatePolicy - The default policy. It will force domain events that were raised from the same aggregate to be handled sequentially. Thus, events from different aggregates may be handled concurrently. This policy is typically suitable for Event Handling Components that update details from aggregates in databases.
FullConcurrencyPolicy - This policy will tell Axon that this Event Processor may handle all events concurrently. This means that there is no relationship between the events that require them to be processed in a particular order.
SequentialPolicy - This policy tells Axon that it can process all events sequentially. Handling of an event will start when the handling of a previous event has finished.
PropertySequencingPolicy - When configuring this policy, the user is required to provide a property name or property extractor function. This implementation provides a flexible solution to set up a custom sequencing policy based on a standard value present in your events. Note that this policy only reacts to properties present in the event class.
MetaDataSequencingPolicy - When configuring this policy, the user is required to provide a metaDataKey to be used. This implementation provides a flexible solution to set up a custom sequencing policy based on a standard value present in your events' metadata.

Consider the following snippets when configuring a (custom) SequencingPolicy:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureSequencingPolicy(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
          PropertySequencingPolicy<SomeEvent, String> mySequencingPolicy = 
                  PropertySequencingPolicy.builder(SomeEvent.class, String.class)
                                          .propertyName("myProperty")
                                          .build();
          
          processingConfigurer.registerDefaultSequencingPolicy(config -> mySequencingPolicy)
                              // or, to define one for a specific processor:
                              .registerSequencingPolicy("my-processor", config -> mySequencingPolicy);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureSequencingPolicy(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer,
                                          SequencingPolicy<EventMessage<?>> mySequencingPolicy) {

      processingConfigurer.registerDefaultSequencingPolicy(config -> mySequencingPolicy)
                          // or, to define one for a specific processor:
                          .registerSequencingPolicy("my-processor", config -> mySequencingPolicy);
    }

    @Bean
    public SequencingPolicy<EventMessage<?>> mySequencingPolicy() {
        return new SequentialPolicy();
    }
}

When we want to configure the SequencingPolicy in a properties file, we should provide a bean name:

axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.mode=tracking
axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.sequencing-policy=mySequencingPolicy

This approach does require the bean name to be present in the Application Context of course:

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Bean
    public SequencingPolicy<EventMessage<?>> mySequencingPolicy() {
        return new FullConcurrencyPolicy();
    }
}

If the available policies do not suffice, you can define your own. To that end, we should implement the SequencingPolicy interface. This interface defines a single method, getSequenceIdentifierFor(T), that returns the sequence identifier for a given event:

public interface SequencingPolicy<T> {
    
    Object getSequenceIdentifierFor(T event);
}

Thread Configuration

Thread and Segment Count

Tracking Processor Threading

Since the tracking processor can only claim a single segment per thread, segments may go unprocessed if there are more segments than threads. Hence, we recommend setting the number of threads (on every node) higher than or equal to the total number of segments.

To increase event handling throughput, we recommend changing the number of threads. How to do this is shown in the following sample:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureThreadCount(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig =
                TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forParallelProcessing(4)
                                                   .andInitialSegmentsCount(4);

        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureThreadCount(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration tepConfig =
                TrackingEventProcessorConfiguration.forParallelProcessing(4)
                                                   .andInitialSegmentsCount(4);

        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", config -> tepConfig);
    }
}

axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.mode=tracking
axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.thread-count=4
axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.initial-segment-count=4

Pooled Streaming Processor Threading

The PooledStreamingEventProcessor uses two threads pools instead of the single fixed set of threads used by the TrackingEventProcessor. The first thread pool is in charge of opening a stream with the event source, claiming as many segments as possible, and delegating all the work.

The second thread pool deals with all the segments the Coordinator of the pooled streaming processor could claim. The Coordinator starts a WorkPackage for each segment and provides them the events to handle. The work package will, in turn, invoke the Event Handling Components to process the events. These packages run within the second thread pool, the so-called "worker executor" pool. The worker-pool also defaults to ScheduledExecutorService with a single thread.

When you want to increase event handling throughput, we recommend changing the number of threads for the worker thread pool. How to do this is shown in the following sample:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureThreadCount(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        // the "name" is the name of the processor, which can be used to define the thread factory name
        Function<String, ScheduledExecutorService> coordinatorExecutorBuilder =
                name -> Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1, new AxonThreadFactory("Coordinator - " + name));

        Function<String, ScheduledExecutorService> workerExecutorBuilder =
                name -> Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(16, new AxonThreadFactory("Worker - " + name));

        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig =
                (config, builder) -> builder.coordinatorExecutor(coordinatorExecutorBuilder)
                                            .workerExecutorService(workerExecutorBuilder)
                                            .initialSegmentCount(32);

        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureThreadCount(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        // the "name" is the name of the processor, which can be used to define the thread factory name
        Function<String, ScheduledExecutorService> coordinatorExecutorBuilder = 
                name -> Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1, new AxonThreadFactory("Coordinator - " + name));

        Function<String, ScheduledExecutorService> workerExecutorBuilder =
                name -> Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(16, new AxonThreadFactory("Worker - " + name));

        EventProcessingConfigurer.PooledStreamingProcessorConfiguration psepConfig =
                (config, builder) -> builder.coordinatorExecutor(coordinatorExecutorBuilder)
                                            .workerExecutorService(workerExecutorBuilder)
                                            .initialSegmentCount(32);
        
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessorConfiguration("my-processor", psepConfig);
    }
}

axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.mode=pooled
# Only the thread count of the Worker can be influenced through a properties file!
axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.thread-count=16
axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.initial-segment-count=32

Differences between Tracking and Pooled Streaming

Open Event Streams - The tracking processor will open a stream per segment it claims. The pooled streaming processor will always open a single event stream and delegate the events to the segment workers. Due to this, the tracking processor will use more I/O resources than the pooled streaming processor. However, the TEP's segments can move at their own speed as they open a dedicated event stream. The PSEP's segments will at least process as fast as the slowest segment in the set.
Segment Claims per Thread - The tracking processor can only claim a single segment per thread. The pooled streaming processor can claim any amount of segments, regardless of the number of threads configured. The maxClaimedSegments is configurable if required (the defaults is Short.MAX). The fact the TEP can only claim a single segment per thread highlights a problem of that implementation. Events will go unprocessed if there are more segments than threads when using the tracking processor since events belong to a single segment. Furthermore, it makes dynamic scaling tougher since you cannot adjust the number of threads at runtime. Here we see significant benefits for using the PSEP instead of the TEP since it completely drops the "one segment per thread" policy. As such, partial processing is never a problem, the PooledStreamingEventProcessor would encounter.
Thread Pool Configuration - The tracking processor does not allow sharing a thread pool between different instances. For the pooled streaming processor, a ScheduledExecutorService is configurable, which allows sharing the executor between different processor instances. Thus, the PSEP provides a higher level of flexibility towards optimizing the total amount of threads used within an application. The freedom in thread pool configuration is helpful when, for example, the number of different Event Processors in a single application increases.

Which Streaming Processor should I use?
In most scenarios, the PooledStreamingEventProcessor is the recommended processor implementation. We conclude this based on the segment-to-thread-count ratio, its ability to share thread pools, and the lower amount of opened event streams.
The TrackingEventProcessor will still be ideal if you anticipate the processing speed between segments to differ significantly. Also, if the application does not have too many processor instances, the need to share thread pools is loosened.

Multi-Node Processing

For streaming processors, it doesn't matter whether the threads handling the events are all running on the same node or on different nodes hosting the same (logical) processor. When two (or more) instances of a streaming processor with the same name are active on different machines, they are considered two instances of the same logical processor. Hence, it is not just a processor's own threads that compete for segments but also the processors on different application instances.

When in a multi-node scenario, often a fair distribution of the segments is desired. Otherwise, the event processing load could be distributed unequally over the active instances. There are roughly two approaches towards balancing the number of segments claimed per node:

Directly on a StreamingEventProcessor, with the releaseSegment(int segmentId) or releaseSegment(int segmentId, long releaseDuration, TimeUnit unit) method

When Axon Server is in place, we recommend using option one, as it is easiest to use. Whenever Axon Server is not used, we can achieve load balancing by having a streaming processor release its segments. Releasing segments is done by calling the releaseSegment method. When invoking releaseSegment, the StreamingEventProcessor will "let go of" the segment for some time.

For those required to take the second approach, consider the following snippet as a form of guidance on how to release segments:

class StreamingProcessorService {
    
    // The EventProcessingConfiguration allows access to all the configured EventProcessors
    private EventProcessingConfiguration processingConfiguration;

    // ...
    void releaseSegmentFor(String processorName, int segmentId) {
        // EventProcessingConfiguration#eventProcessor(String, Class) returns an optional of the event processor
        processingConfiguration.eventProcessor(processorName, StreamingEventProcessor.class)
                               .ifPresent(streamingProcessor -> streamingProcessor.releaseSegment(segmentId));
    }
}

Splitting and Merging Segments

When there is a high event load, ideally, we increase the number of segments. In turn, we can reduce the number of segments again if the load on the streaming processor decreases. To change the number of segments at runtime, the split and merge operations should be used. Splitting and merging allow you to control the number of segments dynamically.

There are roughly two approaches to adjust the number of segments for a streaming processor:

Directly on a StreamingEventProcessor, with the splitSegment(int segmentId) and mergeSegment(int segmentId) methods

When Axon Server is in place, we recommend using option one since it is easiest to use. Whenever Axon Server is not used, and you want to adjust the number of segments, the split and merge methods should be accessible from within your application. For those required to take the second approach, consider the following snippet as a form of guidance:

class StreamingProcessorService {
    
    // The EventProcessingConfiguration allows access to all the configured EventProcessors
    private EventProcessingConfiguration processingConfiguration;

    // ...
    void splitSegmentFor(String processorName, int segmentId) {
        // EventProcessingConfiguration#eventProcessor(String, Class) returns an optional of the event processor
        processingConfiguration.eventProcessor(processorName, StreamingEventProcessor.class)
                               .ifPresent(streamingProcessor -> {
                                   // Use the result to check whether the operation succeeded
                                   CompletableFuture<Boolean> result =
                                           streamingProcessor.splitSegment(segmentId);
                               });
    }

    void mergeSegmentFor(String processorName, int segmentId) {
        processingConfiguration.eventProcessor(processorName, StreamingEventProcessor.class)
                               .ifPresent(streamingProcessor -> {
                                   // Use the result to check whether the operation succeeded
                                   CompletableFuture<Boolean> result =
                                           streamingProcessor.mergeSegment(segmentId);
                               });
    }
}

Note that if you are moving towards a solution using the StreamingProcessorController, there are a couple of points to consider. When invoking the split/merge operation on a StreamingEventProcessor, that processor should be in charge of the segment you want to split or merge. Thus, either the streaming processor already has a claim on the segment(s) or can claim the segment(s). Without the claims, the processor will simply fail the split or merge operation.

When doing a merge, the streaming processor should be in charge of both the provided segmentId and the segment the framework will merge it with. We can calculate the segment identifier the provided segmentId will be merged with through theSegment#mergeableSegmentId` method.

Segment Selection Considerations
When splitting or merging through Axon Server, it chooses the most appropriate segment to split or merge for you. When using the Axon Framework API directly, the developer should deduce the segment to split or segments to merge by themselves:
Split: for fair balancing, a split is ideally performed on the largest segment
Merge: for fair balancing, a merge is ideally performed on the smallest segment

Replaying Events

Triggering a Reset

The reset API revolves around the resetTokens() method and provides a couple of options:

resetTokens(Function<StreamableMessageSource<TrackedEventMessage<?>>, TrackingToken> initialTrackingTokenSupplier) - Resets the TrackingToken to the results of the initialTrackingTokenSupplier
resetTokens(TrackingToken startPosition) - Resets the TrackingToken to the provided startPosition

Partial Replays
A replay does not always have to start "from the beginning of time." Partially replaying the event stream suffices for a lot of applications.
If creating tokens based on time is not sufficient, but creating tokens based on the exact position is something that is more convenient, you could create a TrackingToken providing the position and give it to resetTokens(TrackingToken startPosition) or resetTokens(TrackingToken startPosition, R resetContext) methods. The concrete implementation of TrackingToken to provide depends on the Token Store being used.
Be mindful that when initiating a partial replay, the event handlers may handle an event in the middle of model construction. Hence, event handlers need to be "aware" that some events might not have been handled at all. Making the event handlers lenient (e.g., deal with missing data) or performing ad-hoc manual replays would help in that area.

To achieve this, the streaming event processor must be inactive when starting a reset. Hence, it is required to be shut down first before invoking the resetTokens operation. Once the reset was successful, the processor can be started up again.

Consider the following sample on how to trigger a reset within an application:

class StreamingProcessorController {
  
    private EventProcessingConfiguration processingConfiguration;
  
    // ...
    void resetTokensFor(String processorName) {
        // EventProcessingConfiguration#eventProcessor(String, Class) returns an optional of the event processor
        processingConfiguration.eventProcessor(processorName, StreamingEventProcessor.class)
                               .ifPresent(streamingProcessor -> {
                                   // shutdown this streaming processor
                                   streamingProcessor.shutDown();
                                   // reset the tokens to prepare the processor
                                   streamingProcessor.resetTokens();
                                   // start the processor to initiate the replay
                                   streamingProcessor.start();
                               });
    }
}

class StreamingProcessorController {
    
    private EventProcessingConfiguration processingConfiguration;

    // ...
    void resetTokensFor(String processorName, Object resetContext) {
        // EventProcessingConfiguration#eventProcessor(String, Class) returns an optional of the event processor
        processingConfiguration.eventProcessor(processorName, StreamingEventProcessor.class)
                               .ifPresent(streamingProcessor -> {
                                   // shutdown this streaming processor
                                   streamingProcessor.shutDown();
                                   // reset the tokens to prepare the processor
                                   streamingProcessor.resetTokens(resetContext);
                                   // start the processor to initiate the replay
                                   streamingProcessor.start(); 
                               });
  }
}

Resets in multi-node environments
When Axon Server is not used, you should construct a custom endpoint in your application. The StreamingProcessorService sample shared above would be ideal for adding a start and stop method.

Replay API

Initiating a replay through the StreamingEventProcessor opens up an API to tap into the process of replaying. It is, for example, possible to define a @ResetHandler. A processor will invoke ResetHandler annotated methods as a result of StreamingEventProcessor#resetTokens. It provides a hook to prepare an Event Handling Component before the replay begins.

The following sample Event Handling Component shows the available replay API:

@AllowReplay // 1.
@ProcessingGroup("card-summary")
public class CardSummaryProjection {
    //...
    @EventHandler
    @DisallowReplay // 2. - It is possible to prevent some handlers from being replayed
    public void on(CardIssuedEvent event) {
        // This event handler performs a "side effect",
        //  like sending an e-mail or a sms.
        // Neither, is something we want to reoccur when a 
        //  replay happens, hence we disallow this method 
        //  to be replayed
    }

    @EventHandler
    public void on(CardRedeemedEvent event, ReplayStatus replayStatus /* 3. */) {
        // We can wire a ReplayStatus here so we can see whether this
        // event is delivered to our handler as a 'REGULAR' event or
        // a 'REPLAY' event
        // Perform event handling
    }    

    @ResetHandler // 4. - This method will be called before replay starts
    public void onReset(ResetContext resetContext) {
        // Do pre-reset logic, like clearing out the projection table for a
        // clean slate. The given resetContext is [optional], allowing the 
        // user to specify in what context a reset was executed.
    }
    //...
}

The CardSummaryProjection shows a couple of interesting things to take note of when it comes to "being aware" of a replay in progress:

An @AllowReplay can be used, situated either on an entire class or an @EventHandler annotated method. It defines whether the processor should invoke the given class or method when a replay is in transit.
In addition to allowing a replay, @DisallowReplay can also be used. Similar to @AllowReplay, you can place it on class level and methods. It serves to define whether a processor should not invoke the class or method when a replay is in transit.
To have more fine-grained control on what (not) to do during a replay, we can use the ReplayStatus parameter. The ReplayStatus is an additional parameter that we can add to @EventHandler annotated methods. It allows conditional operations in the event handlers based on whether a replay is taking place.
If it is necessary to perform certain pre-replay logic, such as clearing out a projection table, we can use the @ResetHandler annotation. It allows adding a "reset context" to provide more information on why the reset is taking place. To include a resetContext the resetTokens(R resetContext) method (or other methods containing the resetContext parameter) should be invoked. The type of the resetContext is up to the user.

Multiple Event Sources

You can configure a Streaming Event Processor to use multiple sources to process events from. When required to process events from several sources, we can configure a specific type of StreamableMessageSource: the MultiStreamableMessageSource. The MultiStreamableMessageSource is useful when a streaming processor should act on the events from:

several event stores,
from different storage types (e.g., an Event Store and a Kafka Stream)

Having multiple sources means that there might be a choice of multiple events that the processor could consume at any given instant. Therefore, you can specify a Comparator to choose between them. The default implementation chooses the event with the oldest timestamp (i.e., the event waiting for the longest).

Using multiple sources also means that the streaming processor's polling interval needs to be divided between sources. Some sources might use a strategy to optimize event discovery, thus minimizing overhead in establishing costly connections to the data sources. To that end, you can choose which source the processor does most of the polling on using the longPollingSource() method in the builder. This operation ensures one source consumes most of the polling interval while also checking intermittently for events on the other sources. The MultiStreamableMessageSource defaults the longPollingSource to the last configured source.

Consider the following sample when constructing a MultiStreamableMessageSource:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public MultiStreamableMessageSource buildMultiStreamableMessageSource(
            StreamableMessageSource<TrackedEventMessage<?>> eventSourceA,
            StreamableMessageSource<TrackedEventMessage<?>> eventSourceB,
            Comparator<Map.Entry<String, TrackedEventMessage<?>>> priorityA
    ) {
        return MultiStreamableMessageSource.builder()
                                           .addMessageSource("eventSourceA", eventSourceA)
                                           .addMessageSource("eventSourceB", eventSourceB)
                                           .longPollingSource("eventSourceA") // Overrides eventSourceB as the longPollingStream
                                           .trackedEventComparator(priorityA) // Where 'priorityA' is a comparator prioritizing events from eventSourceA
                                           .build();
    }
}

Assuming a buildMultiStreamableMessageSource(...) method is present, we can use the outcome to register a processor with the configuring EventProcessingConfigurer:

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configureTrackingProcessor(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessor(
                "my-processor", config -> buildMultiStreamableMessageSource(/*...*/)
        );
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configureTrackingProcessor(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        processingConfigurer.registerTrackingEventProcessor(
                "my-processor", config -> buildMultiStreamableMessageSource(/*...*/)
        );
    }
}

public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    public void configurePooledStreamingProcessor(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessor(
                "my-processor", config -> buildMultiStreamableMessageSource(/*...*/)
        );
    }
}

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Autowired
    public void configurePooledStreamingProcessor(EventProcessingConfigurer processingConfigurer) {
        processingConfigurer.registerPooledStreamingEventProcessor(
                "my-processor", config -> buildMultiStreamableMessageSource(/*...*/)
        );
    }
}

When we want to configure the StreamableMessageSource in a properties file, we should provide a bean name:

axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.mode=pooled
axon.eventhandling.processors.my-processor.source=multiStreamableMessageSource

This approach does require the bean name to be present in the Application Context of course:

@Configuration
public class AxonConfig {
    // ...
    @Bean
    public MultiStreamableMessageSource multiStreamableMessageSource(
            StreamableMessageSource<TrackedEventMessage<?>> eventSourceA,
            StreamableMessageSource<TrackedEventMessage<?>> eventSourceB,
            Comparator<Map.Entry<String, TrackedEventMessage<?>>> priorityA
    ) {
        return MultiStreamableMessageSource.builder()
                                           .addMessageSource("eventSourceA", eventSourceA)
                                           .addMessageSource("eventSourceB", eventSourceB)
                                           .longPollingSource("eventSourceA")
                                           .trackedEventComparator(priorityA)
                                           .build();
    }
}

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